Every year, more than a million men in the USA undergo, with associated risks, painful needle biopsies for prostate cancer, and upward of 100,000 have radical prostatectomies, often resulting in crippling side effects, such as incontinence, impotence and psychological trauma. But the shocking fact is most of these men would never have died of this common form of cancer, which frequently grows so slow that it never even leaves the prostate. How did we get to a point where so many unnecessary tests and surgeries are being done resulting in a multibillion-dollar industry?